Control system



H. D. JAMES.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.4,1919.

Patented June 27, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

59 Jl i J7 u u 3 36 W H. D. JAMES.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 4. 1919.

Patented June 27, 1922.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

i P J:

INVENTOR Henry D. James WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY UNI E STATES, BATEur1, rrIcE@ xiii-um? D. J or nnenwobn PARK, N Lynn, las'sm uoa HOUSE mmmc munc'ruamo 0.0m CORPORATION VANIAL r wns'rnm or ranusrnconra'on mm.

T8 fwhom i 'mdg/ 1 1 -'Be itknownthat I, HnnnrDpJaiuasi-a acter set Serial No. 236,937, filed May 27, '1918, in which the accelerating resistor is controlled improved control nated character.

A further object of myinvention is to provide a system of the above-described na ture which shall be especially adapted f-for' byan energizing coil, or energizing coils, responsive to the voltage of the resiston. An object of my invention istoprovide an push-button control.

Another object, of my invention is to pro- I vide such a'system with which it Shall be possible to control the speedof the motor. v,

Other objects of myinventionwill appear forming the-subject-matter o aicopendin'g application by De Camp, Serial No. 2 1M959,

' filed June 21, 1918, and assigned 'kto'the' This relay 3 5 Westinghoui Electric & Manufact ring Co.

cuit of either 'coilby means ofa push b'uttonf,

The coil 'circuit may then be automatically maintained .closed-,.irrespective of the release of the push-button,- or it maybe adsiptedito; be reopened upon the releaseof the pushf button; In the former case, the initially.

operating coil should'preferably be the-onethat is. responsive to the voltage of the .re-

sistor. In the latter case, itshould preferably .be .theother icoil; In lithe former case,

- the motor will proceed to accelerate iI i\& C .cordance with predetermined cond1t1ons,as

described in my above-referred to copending system oithe'above-desigr .v 1s adia'grammatic'view'of circuits andap -,p'aratus lllustrating one embodiment oflniy 5 rank .715.

provided with a p' of coils one of which may be maderespofisive' to'the. voltage of. the resistor and the other be independent thereof. The coils control amain' I armature and a-plurality of auxiliary arma- .tures,' the former of which controls-the ops application, the coil becoming 15 5-.

erative to maintain the ;resistor-sh ort-ci rcuitlng 'contactors closed upon theresistor" bemmmg'short-clrcmted. In the "latter me,-

the'initi'ally operating coil maybe sojdesigned as to prevent: the resistor-short-eir 'cuitmg contactors from closing, thus ,pro-" v dmg for operating the motor at slow speed solong as the push-button remains opera 1 two, but permittlng the other'coilto' become'f effective to accelerate the motor as soon as the push-button 'is released.

In theaccompan ing drawings '1'and 2 are, respectively, aside arid anend elevatlonal view of a relay of {the type con stitutin'g] the subjeetunatterofthe 'aforementioned application by De' Camp; Fig: 3

1nvention,; and Fig. .4; is a similar dia matlc view illu'strating another .embodlment of my'inve'ntion I As'my invention is of'particular value' in "a system employing the 'above-referred-to De Camp relay; lllustratedin'. Figs. land 2, i it will conduce to clearness to describe.- this in-connection with the subjoined desc'l' p -v I i I preferably employ a relay of thetype v 31'supporting coils 22fandj23 which, when energlzed by current flowing [through ,them,i -producer-magnetic fields for attractingan 'Iarmatu're. "32 and any desired number "of additional armatures 33. A com press on, spring l 36;:is adjustably. mounted upon .anon magnetizable rod 37. slidabcliy j 1.

#00 1y connected to, or constitute integral parts mounted-in: arms 38 and 39, 'which are rigi of m e '31, .The arm 38 serves also" as. 'fpole'pieceior the armature32; and the arm 39- as a pole, iecefor the, armatures'33.-

fAlbar 401s rigid y connected to'the frod 37 and normally ,engages; thev armatures- 33.

The spring 36 thus. normally maintains the farinatures' 33 in their ppen' positions, with the members 41, which are carried by these" armatures, in 7 contact with; the ole piece 39."

Iyfofi non w The members '41 ampere magnetizable material to prevent reezing. 5 The armature '32 is provided'fyvith ears or lugs 42, whichare 'pivotallymounted upon the bracket 30, and is nonnallymainta'ined' incontact with one end of the rod;37--1by a .we'ak spring '43." The-bracket 30 supportsa non-magnetizable, U-shaped member H between the arms of which are pivotally By means of this adjustment, or by means of the members 52, which control the tension of the springs 51, the action of the magnetic flux produced by the coils 22 and 23 may be so regulated that the armatures 33 will be operated in proper sequence.

The armature 32 is provided with an ex tension 54, preferably of insulating material, ,fihich carries a contact member 55 for co-operating with stationary contact members 57 mounted upon the insulating panel 29. As shown in Fig. 1, the contact members 55 and 57 are open when the armature '32 occupies its normal or open position. i

The operation may be briefly described as follows. Upon current flowing through the coil 22, a magnetic field is roduced which causes the armature 32 to e attracted to ward the pole piece 38. Y The force of the spring 36 is thereupon overcome, and the bar 40 is moved out of engagement with the armatures, the stop members 41 of which are, neverthele$, maintained in engagement with the pole piece 39 until the flux of the magnetic field successively. becomes sufliciently low to permit the springs 51 to successively actuate the movable contact members 45, 46

and 47, thereby to close the relays 25, 26 and 27. In the event that-the magnetic field becomes too weak to hold the armature 32 in its elevated osition, the spring 36, becoming released, wi lseparate the movable from the stationary contact members. Actuation of the armature 32, of course, effects corresponding actuation of the contact member 55.

I shall now describe the invention illustrated in Fig. 3. A motor, the armature of which is shown at 1 and the shunt-field-inagj net windin at 2, is connected between lineconductors and 4, with a re lating resistor 6 normally in series with t e armature 1. Although I have here shown, for purposes of illustration, a shunt-wound motor, it will be understood that my invention is equally applicable to a series or a compound-wound motor. The circuit of the motor is-adapted to be closed by a line contactor 5, having an energizing c0118, the circuit of which is controlled by the contact members 55 and 57 and by a pair of ush-buttons respectively designated, to in icate their function, as start tion point 80.

and stop. The contactor 5 is provided with a switch 66 mechanically connected thereto for shunting the start push-button.

One or more contactors 10, 11 and 12 (three are shown) control the short-circuit ing of successive portions 13, 14 and 15 of the regulating resistor 6, through the medium of'energizing coils 19, 20 and 21. The coil 22 is connected across the terminals of the resistor 6 at 79 and 80. The energization of the coil 22 causes the successive closin of the relays 25, 26 and 27, as above descri d, in

accordance with the strength of the current passing through the coil 22. The coil 19 is connected in a circuit leading from the line conductor 3, by way of a conductor 28, the coil 19, the relay 25, the start push-button switch or the switch 66, and the stop pushbutton switch, to the line conductor 4. The

coils 20 and 21 are similarly connected to the relays 26 and 27 in parallel to the coil 19 and the relay 25. The circuit of the coil 23 is closed at the same time as that of the coil 21 by the relay27, and comprises a resistor 24. I

The operation may be described as follows: Upon the actuation of. the start push-button, a circuit is established from the line conductor 3, through the armature 1 to the junction point 79, and from there through the coil22, by way of a conductor 74, through the start and stop push-button switches to the point 80, which is connected to the line conductor 4. The coil 22 thereupon becomes energized, efiecting the actuation of thearmature 32 into en agement with the pole piece 38 (Fig. 1).

he switches 55 and 57 thereupon become closed, establishing a,

circuit from the line conductor 3, by way of, the conductor 28, through.the'coil 8, the contact members 55 and 57, by the conductor .74, through the start and stop push-button switches, to the junction point 80 and from there to the line conductor 4. The coil 8 becomes thereby energized to efl'ect the closing of the contactor 5 and the switch 66 which is mechanically connected thereto.

' The start push-button" switch may now circuit for the coil be released, a holdin 22 being now create from the line con ductor 3, through the armature l, the junction oint 79', the coil 22, the switch 66 and the stop push-button switch to the juncestablishes the motor circuit from the line conductor 3, through the armature 1, the resistor 6 and the line The l'necontactor 5 contactor 5 to the junction point 80, which is connected to the.'line conductor 4. The

motor will accordingly commence to accel-- erate. Q

The coil 22 will thereupon become subjected to the voltage drop between the junction points 79 and 80 across the resistor 6. As the motor accelerates and they current tor 6,-the magnetic; field in the neighborhood exerted by the flux of this field,.$o that the relay'wi'll become closed. The time when this operation will ,occur will de end upon the size of the air ap 70 and the tension of the spring 511. %he relays 26 and 27 however, remain open. 1 s j The closing of the relay. 55 establishes the above-describedpircuit of the. coil 19. I The contactor 10 is thereupon closed by its coil 19 to short-circuit the section 13o the resistor 6. The motor then further accelerates and, by-decreasing the volta e across thejunction'points 79 :and'80o1f t e resisof this coilsis. furtherweakened, which permits the closing of the second relay 26. A circuit is then completed from the line conductor 3 by the conductor 28, through the coil 20, the relay 26, the switch 66 and the stop push-button switchto the junction point-.80, which is connected to the line conductor'4. The coil 20, thus, becoming energized, causes the closing of the contactor 11 and the consequent shunting of the secondportion 14 of the resistor 6. After the motor hasaccelerated further, the magnetic field surrounding the coil 22 is again weakened .and the relay 27 is closed, creating a circuit extending from the line con"- i j ductor 3,- b the conductor 28, through the coil 21 an -thei'rela'y 27 to the switch 66,

' I which is connected -tofithe line conductor. 4,.

1 46 thereby causing 'the .-'.closing."of the contactor 12 and the shuntingpfthethird portion Theshunting I energizes the coil 22, which would release M the armature 32 and cause the relays 25, circuit'of the-coi-l-23 toefiecttheoperation 15 of-the resistor '6. he whole resistor is then shunted .from .'the -armature circuit,- and the armature 1 is connecteddirectly across the line. v i

ofthe entire/resistor 6 de- I26 "and 27 to be .reopened, thus resulting in de-energization of the coils. '19, 20 an 21 and the, conse uen't reinsertion of the re sistor 6 into t e armature circuit,- except forthe coil 23 which, becomes. energized at the same/time as the coil 21, upon the closing of the why 27. The circuit of this (coil extends from the linecondu'ct'or 3',by

the conductor 28, through the resistor24, the

I coil 23, the relay 27-, the switch 66 and the stop push-button switchfto the junction point 80, which is connected to the line cone;

ductor 4.1 The coil 23 becomes thus enera To stop the motor, it is necessa to actuate the will efiect the de energization of the control stop push-button swito which circuits. The'circuit of the coil 23 will become 0 ened, the armature'32 will become release the spring 36 (Fig. 1) will open ,the relays 25, 26 and 27 to effect the opening of'the circuitsof the coils19,.20 and 21, the oontactors 10, 11 and 12 will become 'opened to reinsert the resistor 6 into the armature circuit and the contact members 55 and 57 will eiiect the opening of the circuitof the coil 8 to cause'the contaetor. 5 to openthe motor circuit. 1

, As it is fully ex lained "application, Serial 0. 260,949,.filed Novgi, .1918, it will be impossibletostart the motor j until the contact members 55' and 57 have in my copen ding been. closed to close the circuit of the coil 8.

So long as the contact members- 55' and 57 are open, the contactorslO 11 and 1,2 are open andthe resistor 6 is, therefore, in oilcuit-with'the armature 1.' It is, therefore,

' impossible to effect the f closing of the con-.

*tacto1r'5 while the resistor 6 is short-cir {cuited, so that the armature 1' is protected. "from being thrown directly across the line conductors-3 and 4.;

By means of this arrangement of circuits,

I' provide a novel acceleratin system that st f is especially adapted for pus -but ton conf trol and which protects the motor from-possible injury due to the armature {being directly-connected to the line, I

I nthis system, thearmture-32 is, ada ted to be initially. operated b y the coil ls by no means-essentia, as the armature "the system ofEigfi -jg.

f A further "change has been-made in] the system of Fig. 5); in thatthe circuits-are so connected .thatthe-.ystart l push-button cannot be shunted, as b means of the switch 66 shown in Fig. 3,, .he-start. push-button switch is adapted'initially .to close the his,

' 32 maybe initially actuated. by theother l coll 23. One 'way;offaccomplishing this re- I sult- .I have illust'ra ed fin cpnnection jwith I of thegarmature'32g and the ooi1-23"is' so";

designedflthahf irrespective of the current release 'of'the, is art Qpush-button switch the coil 23fwill become de-energiz e d, ;trans- .iferriii the control of. the armature '32 andthere ays 25, 26qand 27to the ,coil 22 which isconnecte'd across the resistor 0 long aas "the startifpilsh-button switch ismaingized by line voltage to maintain. the 'armas; .j-is" reIeasedwillfthe coil. 2 be rendered efture' 32 closedand, -therefore,,-to ermit the relays 25, 26 and 27 to occupy t eir closed positions,

"fecti ve to effect the acceleration of. the

motor; a

This will be; -n'1ade ,clear' in connection,

tained closed, therefore, the resistor 6 is I I maintainedin circuit with vthefa'rmature '1' and. n'otfuntil the-fistartf' rush-button switch" 1 a conductor 3; by the conductor 28, the coil '8, the contact members 55' and 57' and the stop push-button'switch, to the line conductor 4;. The contactor 5 will thereupon close the" motor circuit, which extends from I the line conductor 3,.through the armature 1, the resistor 6 and the-contactor 5, to the line conductor 4.

" Although the armature 32, when ac-' I tuatedinto enga ement with the pole piece 38., efiects the re ease of the armatures 33 from the restraining influence of "the bar (Fig. 1), these armatures 33- will be maintained in the illustrated position (Fi 1) by the coil 23. This is because'the coil 23 is "energized from the line conductors 3 and 4 and is, therefore, subjected to constant voltage, unlike the coil 22, which, be-

ing connected across the resistor 6, is subsistor 6.

, nor as above-described in connection with jected to a decreasing voltage. The motor may therefore be operated "at slow-speed so long as the start push-button .switch is maintained closed.

When it is desired to accelerate the motor,

all that is necessary is to release the Start push' hutton switch. The armatures 32 and 33 are thereupon released from the control exercised over them by thecoil 23 and become subjected, instead, to the influence of the coil 22 which is connected across the to- In substantially the same manthe description of the operation of the 'system of-Fig. 3,.the relays 25, 26 and 27' will Qthereupon. become closed, in accordance with the decreasing voltage of-the resistor 6, to effect the closing of the contactors 10, 5O

11 and 12 and the consequent short-circuiting of the resistor portions 13, 14 and 15. Y Upon the short-circuiting of the. last resistor portion'15, the coil 22, elf-course, be-v I comes'deenergized, but the coil 23 is again brought into play to maintain the armature 32 in its actuated position bya c1rcu'1t,wh1ch is closed at the time of the closing of the relay 27, from the line conductor 3, through the coil 23, the resistor 24, the relay 27 and the stop push-button switch, to the lineconductor 4. Though the coil .23- was enabled to maintain the armatures' 33 in open position initially, it is designed so as not to reopen these'armatures once they have become closed. The motor therefore Upon the actuation of the start will continue to operate at its normal speed until the stop push-button switch .is actuated to effect the opening of the control adapte for push-button control, it is some- 1 times desirable to operate a system of the character illustrated in Fig. 4 by an ordi nary master switch, such as that shown at 7 andadapted to engage contact members 16 and 17. The contact memberv 17 is longer than the contact member 16 so that, initially, when the master switch 7 is'actuated into enga'ement with the contact members 16 and 1 an operation similar to that described above, in\ connection with the description of the control exercisedby the start push-button switch, will take place. This is because the start push-button switch and the contact member 16 are connected in parallel to each other and in series with the coil 23. Upon further actuation of the master switch 7, so as to break the engagement of the master switch and the contact member 16, the armatures 32, and 33,

will come under the control of the coil 22, the coil 23 becoming open at the contact member 16, the operation in other respects being the same as that above described. In this manner, the motor may ordinarily be controlled by the start and stop pushbutton switches and, at other times, when desired, by the master switch 7.

It will be noted that I have provided'a novel motor-accelerating system that is especially adapted for push-button control. I have shown one method for effecting the speed control ofsuch a system. Other methods for obtaining this result will occur to those skilled in the art and are intended to be covered by the annexed claims. It is understood that these claims are to be construed broadly'except insofar as limitations may therein be specifically imposed.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with an electric motor having a resistor associated therewith and a switch for short-circuiting said resistor, of a pair of coils for controllingsaid switch, one of said coils being responsive to the voltage of said resistor and the other of said coils being adapted to control said switch upon the short-circuiting of said resistor, a manually-operable switch for initially establishing the circuit of one of said coils,

and a manually-operable switch for opening the circuit of one of said coils.

2. The combination with an electric motor having a resistor associated therewith, a switch for short-circuiting said resistor, and a coil in parallel relation to said resistorfor controlling said switch, of a switch for initially establishing the circuit of said coil, a coil for controlling said resistor switch upon the short-circuiting of said resistor, and a switch for opening the circuit of said second-named coil.

3. The combination with an electric motor having an armature, a resistor in series therewith. and a switch for closing the circuit of said motor, of a switch for short-circuiting said resistor, an armature for controlling said switch having an actuating coil in parallel relation to said resistor, a manually-operable switch for initially establishing the circuit of said coil, a coil for maintaining said armature in its actuated position upon the closing of said resistor switch, and a manually-operable switch for opening the circuit of said second-named coil.

4. The combination with an electric motor having an armature, a resistor in series therewith, and a switch for closing the circuit of said motor, of a plurality of switches for short-circuiting said resistor, an auxiliary armature for controlling each of said plurality of switches, amain armature for controlling said circuit-closing switch and said auxiliary armatures, a coil for controlling all of said armatures and for maintaining said armatures in predetermined posi tions, irrespective of the current conditions of the motor, a manually operable switch for closing the circuit of said coil and for open ing the circuit of said coil except when it occupies its operative position, a coil connected across said resistor for controlling all of said armatures, and means for actuating said auxiliary armatures to effect the closing of the corresponding short-circuiting switches in accordance with the current conditions of said motor when the circuit of said first-named coil is open.

5. The c mbination with an electric motor and a line switch and an accelerating switch therefor, of means for controlling the operation of said switches, said means comprising a relay and a switch for successively rendering said relay responsive to line voltage to effect the operation of said line switch and to the current traversing the motor circuit prior to the closing of said accelerating switch.

6. The combination with an electric motor and an accelerating switch therefor, of

means for controlling the operation of said switch, said means comprising a manuallyoperable switch and electro-responsive means so controlled by successive actuations of said manually-operable switch as to be successively energized in accordance with line voltage and with the value of the current traversing the motor circuit, respectively, prior to the closinfilof said accelerating switch.

7. e combination with an electric motor, a line switch, and an accelerating switch therefor, of means for controlling the op eration of said switches, said means comprising a plurality of armature members, electromagnetic means for controlling said members and manually-o rable means for occupying a plurality 0 positions to efi'ect the successive energization of said electromagnetic means in accordance with line voltage and with the value of the current traversing the motor circuit, respectively, to effect the operation of said armature members.

8. The combination with an electric motor, a line switch therefor and a starting, resistor, of an acceleratin switch for control ling said resistor, a re ay for successively effecting the operation of said line switch and said accelerating switch, in accordance with line voltage and motor-circuit current conditions, respectively, and manually operable means that must be successively actuated to closed and open positions before the relay is operative to effect the closing of the respective switches.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 22nd day of March, 1919.

HENRY D. JAMES. 

